脉冲磁场对高速钢刀具材料微观硬度的影响

研究脉冲磁场对W9Mo3Cr4V高速钢刀具材料微观硬度的影响规律. 利用自行构建的磁处理试验平台对高速钢试样进行定向脉冲磁化处理. 研究不同的脉冲磁场强度、磁场频率和磁化时间对高速钢材料微观硬度的影响规律,通过观察高速钢材料金相组织,分析脉冲磁场作用下高速钢材料的微观组织变化机制. 试验结果表明,在选择合适的脉冲磁化工艺参数条件下,高速钢材料的微观硬度能够明显提高. 脉冲磁场作用促使金属材料中一部分残余奥氏体转化为硬而脆的马氏体,使马氏体含量升高,材料组织变得均匀.      

Visualization of the complex structure and stress field inside rock by means of 3D printing technology

Accurate characterization and visualization of the complex inner structure and stress distribution of rocks are of vital significance to solve a variety of underground engineering problems. In this paper, we incorporate several advanced technologies, such as CT scan, three-dimensional（3D） reconstruction, and 3D printing, to produce a physical model representing the natural coal rock that inherently contains complex fractures or joints. We employ 3D frozen stress and photoelastic technologies to characterize and visualize the stress distribution within the fractured rock under uniaxial compression. The 3D printed model presents the fracture structures identical to those of the natural prototype. The mechanical properties of the printed model,including uniaxial compression strength, elastic modulus,and Poisson’s ratio, are testified to be similar to those of the prototype coal rock. The frozen stress and photoelastic tests show that the location of stress concentration and the stress gradient around the discontinuous fractures are in good agreement with the numerical predictions of the real coalsample. The proposed method appears to be capable of visually quantifying the influences of discontinuous,irregular fractures on the strength, deformation, and stress concentration of coal rock. The method of incorporating3 D printing and frozen stress technologies shows a promising way to quantify and visualize the complex fracture structures and their influences on 3D stress distribution of underground rocks, which can also be used to verify numerical simulations.     

Observation of directional change of core field inside flux ropes within one reconnection diffusion region in the Earth’s magnetotail

Two consecutive magnetic flux ropes, separated by less than 30 s （△t 〈 30 s）, are observed within one magnetic reconnection diffusion region without strong guide field in the Earth＇s magnetotail by Cluster multispacecraft. The flux ropes are characterized by bipolar signatures of the south-north magnetic field component Bz accompanied with strong core magnetic field By, intense current J and density depletions inside of them. In spite of the small but non-trivial global scale negative guide field （-By）, there exists a directional change of the core fields of two flux ropes, i.e., -By for the first one, and ＋By for the second one. The directions of the core fields are the same as the ambient cross-tail magnetic field component （By） just outside of flux ropes. Therefore, we suggest that the core field of flux ropes is formed by compression of the local preexisting By and that the directional change of core field is due to the change of local preexisting By. Such a change in ambient By might be caused by some microscale physics.     

Computational diffusion kinetics and its applications in study and design of rare metallic materials

Computational diffusion kinetics(CDK),with a spirit of and being coupled with the computational thermodynamics(CT,or called as the CALPHAD technique),plays increasingly important role in the alloy design/optimization and microstructure control during the processing of advanced metallic materials.This paper is to highlight recent progress of CDK in research with great focus on novel Ti and Zr alloys,which was largely performed in the authors’group.It ends with one representative example of the applications of CDK,coupled with CT,quantitative phase field,and three-dimensional(3D)statistical calculation,in designing the heattreatment schedule for the dual phase(αβ)Ti–6Al–4V alloys.     

氮掺杂碳化硅纳米管电子场发射的第一性原理研究

运用第一性原理研究了氮掺杂对碳化硅纳米管场发射性能影响.计算结果表明,在外加电场作用下,体系的态密度均向低能端移动,赝能隙及最高占据分子轨道/最低未占据分子轨道能隙减小,且Mulliken电荷在帽端聚集程度增加.态密度、最高占据分子轨道/最低未占据分子轨道能隙及Mulliken电荷分析表明,氮掺杂改善了碳化硅纳米管的场发射性能,且N替代顶层五元环中Si原子体系场发射性能最优.     

确定土层自由场地震动的二维简化模型

为了研究均匀土层自由场地震动的二维简化模型,首先利用弹性波动理论,得到土介质的二维波动方程,采用分离变量法来求解该方程,根据土层上下界面的边界条件确定土层竖向振动的特征频率和振型;根据波沿水平方向向无穷远处传播的衰减特性确定波沿水平方向衰减系数,得到土层自由场自由振动的相对位移的解析解。然后,采用振型叠加法求解强迫振动情况下的波动方程,得出二维情况下均匀土层在地震作用下沿水平方向相对位移的解析解。通过上述计算,得到了土层自由场地震动的二维简化模型。通过具体算例,分别对研究的二维简化模型与一维剪切梁模型进行了比较。比较结果表明,地下土层水平维度对于均匀土层自由场地震动反应的影响很小。     

典型活塞换能器声场分布及其指向性

为了比较分析形状各异的声源声场分布及指向特性,利用瑞利积分和加法定理,计算出5种典型活塞声源辐射声场的远场声压分布和指向性函数,分析了辐射频率和几何尺寸对指向性的影响,并采用MATLAB进行二维及三维的仿真模拟。结果表明,方形(环)活塞的指向性要好于等面积的圆形(环)活塞的指向性;在活塞尺寸不变的情况下,频率增大,所有形状活塞换能器指向性均增强;当频率和外径不变时,内径尺寸对环形活塞指向性影响较小;当频率和内径不变时,外径越大,环形活塞指向性越好。     

不同装载情况下矿井活塞风效应的数值模拟

为了减少运输设备对矿井通风系统的影响,分别建立了矿车在空栽和满载两种情况下的矿井活塞风数值分析模型,对两种情况下的活塞风效应进行数值模拟,绘制流场迹线图。在相同列车运行速度和巷道通风速度条件下,得出空载情况下产生的活塞风大于满载时效应、对巷道通风阻力影响较大;空载条件下活塞风对列车运行前方静压场影响距离小于满载情况下影响距离,对列车运行后方影响距离大于满载情况下影响距离;空载条件下活塞风对列车运行前方、运行后方速度场影响距离均大于满载情况;活塞风控制应着重空载情况。     

耦合双桩共振子MDM波导结构中光学性质的研究

采用时域有限差分方法研究了同侧和异侧耦合双桩共振子的MDM波导结构中的光学性质．发现同侧耦合双桩共振子的MDM波导中桩间距改变时对透射谱影响很大,当间距较小时,出现两个很尖锐的透射峰,当间距较大时,其中一个峰消失,另一个峰增强．异侧耦合双桩共振子的MDM波导结构中桩长度不一样时,能导致Fano共振而产生新的尖锐的峰．     

直驱永磁风力发电机高温短路去磁分析

利用Maxwell电磁场软件的二维瞬态分析功能,对兆瓦级直驱永磁风力发电机进行了空载时各种突然短路仿真.在最大短路电流时刻对永磁体的去磁程度进行分析,为永磁电机设计永磁体去磁工作的研究提供了理论依据.